Archive for the ‘River Report’ Category

The Willows. Finavon’s top pool.

Thursday, September 6th, 2012

These bulletin blogs represent news about Finavon and the South Esk, and my views as a riparian owner. They are not the views of any other organisation, nor are they designed to promote the interests of any individual or organisation other than Finavon Castle Water and factors affecting the fishery. Tony Andrews

In the 36 years I have lived on the South Esk near or at Finavon many people have commented on the reliable performance of Willows for catching both salmon and sea trout at all times of the season and in all conditions. I became aware of the capacity of this pool to produce fish in all water levels in 2000, when I discovered that a lightly tied and weighted nymph cast upstream to fish lying beneath the willows that billow out from the north bank – and from which the pool gets its name – can occasionally persuade salmon, grilse and sea trout to take in bright sunlight. Over the first ten days of August of that year I caught 15 salmon and grilse and three sea trout using that method in drought conditions.

Willows in June

Willows in June

Willows is a ‘pool’ only in the salmon fishers’ definition of a pool as a place where you catch fish. Actually Willows is the head of the Boat Pool. If you want to be really picky you could argue that Tyndals, Willows, Upper Boat Pool, Volcano and Lower Boat Pool are all one pool – a pool 500 yards long in a small river. This highly productive stretch of river is defined by its plateau topography, ideally situated at a distance from the sea where, in most conditions, running fish are ready to pause in their upstream migration. The ‘Plateau’ is therefore an extended resting or holding area for South Esk migratory fish.

Alasdair Petrie covering Willows lies in low water

Alasdair Petrie covering Willows lies in low water

Alasdair was ghillie and river keeper at Finavon for nearly twenty years (1989 – 2008). In the photo above he is casting a weighted nymph to the main lie at the Willows in low water in 2000. During that month Willows produced salmon, grilse and sea trout, all caught on the nymph in broad daylight, sometimes sunshine.

Tyndals Pool at dusk

Looking downstream from the head of Tyndals towards The Willows. The photo above shows how this is really just one long pool. The pool names are only our convenient way of identifying the likely places to catch fish!

Above the plateau is the steep gradient down from Bridge Pool into Tyndals Pool, and below it is the fast water through the Flats, Castle Stream and the cataract downstream into Craigo Stream. Between those two high energy and turbulent streams the ‘plateau’ provides welcome respite and a place for salmon to pause or lie up. For a salmon or sea trout hellbent on getting up into the glens this plateau is the first natural resting area after the long haul of 12 swimming miles from the tide at the House of Dun railway viaduct. In the right conditions salmon and sea trout can be at Finavon within 12 hours, carrying female sea lice with their ‘ropes’ of eggs (long tails) still evident.

My first experiences of fishing Willows were in those short and fruitful sea trout fishing nights of the 1980s when sea trout were in great abundance and Finavon was regularly catching 300+ in a season. Willows and Indies were our top pools with each pool  recording upwards of 85 sea trout in a season.

Fishing Willows requires stealth and a readiness to await the end of dusk and the start of the night proper, albeit a light one in late June or early July. The shoal of sea trout will probably be lying in calm water in and around the overhanging willow bushes, and usually the shoal extends, like a pale shadow on the bed of the river, well down into Upper Boat Pool, and is very easily disturbed. Tactics must involve good fieldcraft, minimal noise from crunching gravel, no torchlight shining on the water, and of course accurate casting. It is also important to minimise false casting because in the clear water of the low South Esk, on a crepuscular as opposed to dark summer’s night, fish will react to the flash of a line or leader. It is also important that the fly is presented with some delicacy, especially in the earlier part of the night.

Often you can hear sea trout splashing about under the trees, and on more than one occasion I have heard (and felt!) sea trout crashing through their branches after taking the fly and diving under or leaping into the foliage. These hooked  fish are nearly always lost after a short tussel, sometimes with a sea trout momentarily suspended from a willow branch! If you want a really good night’s fishing, after your reconnaissance has revealed a shoal of 50+ sea trout in the pool, it is important that you avoid wading through the shoal, which means not wading too far out from the south bank. If you do hook a fish you should  try to bring it away from the shoal by coaxing it upstream to land it where you have already waded. Sometimes, if you get a big sea trout (4lbs and above), you won’t be able to control it, and the likelihood is that, after landing your big fish, you will need to give the pool a half hour rest to allow the shoal to re-form. On four or five occasions I have hooked a salmon in the spot where you expect a sea trout. Playing a fresh-run salmon of more than 10lbs in the restricted confines of Willows at night is a great experience, but perhaps not the best preparation for a productive night’s sea trout fishing!

Playing a 15lbs salmon in The Willows

Playing a 15lbs salmon in The Willows

This 15lbs salmon was hooked and landed in The Willows in April 2008. The end of the line of willows (seen in the photo above) is a great holding lie for a salmon any time after the beginning of March. It is also the best place at Finavon to catch sea trout at night in low water.

Willows in low water is radically different from the same pool in a spate. I think of Bill Currie’s book, ‘The River Within’, when I reflect on the Jekyll and Hyde nature of Willows. The two aspects of the pool are so different that I have toyed with the idea of giving them different names, perhps ‘The Willows Glide’ for low water and ‘Boat Stream’ for high water. Bill, who often fished at Finavon and caught a number of sea trout in The Willows, described the Tay in low water as a different river from the famous river of spring and autumn flows. He talked about new streams, pots, ‘scallops’ and lies that are revealed as the river drops to summer low levels and how, even in  low flow conditions, fresh grilse and multi sea-winter fish become available to the skillfull fly fisherman in places that the usual visitor to the Tay never knew existed! That is how Willows is. In a spate it becomes a smooth, fast flowing stream of 4′ 0″ of water over gravel as it enters the much deeper holding pool of Upper Boat. 

The Willows can be electrifyingly exciting to fish because in those conditions it can hold large numbers of taking salmon. For example, my brother John, who only had a couple of hours before leaving for the South, caught three beautiful autumn salmon on a sunny October morning in 2010. Over the years there have been first salmon, big fish, minor disasters and sheer joy provided by the Willows, a pool that is only 40 yards long and no deeper than 4′ 6″. It is also the pool which in 1936 produced the biggest salmon ever caught at Finavon – a 36lbs August fish.

Harbour sea in Willows

Finally, The Willows is where in October 2008 Derek Strachan took the remarkable photo above of a harbour seal. When I consider the obstacles which this legless marine mammal had to surmount to reach Finavon – a feat that surely would qualify it for a paralympic steeplechase – I am lost in admiration for its determination and agility, despite the mayhem it undoubtedly caused among our pre-spawning salmon!

TA 7/9/2012

 

August brings big spates and skinny grilse

Sunday, September 2nd, 2012

These bulletin blogs represent news about Finavon and the South Esk, and my views as a riparian owner. They are not the views of any other organisation, nor are they designed to promote the interests of any individual or organisation other than Finavon Castle Water and factors affecting the fishery. Tony Andrews

The last week of August 2012 will be remembered for the big spate that overflowed the banks of the South Esk and ensured that the river stayed at a good fishing height into September. Big MSW salmon continue to arrive, with fish up to 20lbs caught on all 4 beats. In contrast to these big, healthy MSW fish we have caught a few skinny grilse, at least half of which had RVS (Red Vent Syndrome). The sharp difference in wellbeing of the MSW and One Sea Winter (grilse) fish demonstrates the effects on our returning salmon of prey species rich, as opposed to poor, areas of the ocean.

NE Atlantic

Northeast Atlantic. Great sunset, but is there anything there for our grilse to eat?

A marine biologist friend from Norway put it in very simple terms; if you draw a line North/South through the middle of Iceland it is fair to say that west of that line in the Atlantic Ocean (e.g. Irminger & Labrador Seas and the Greenland coast) salmon are likely to find an abundance of prey species, and subsequently return to their rivers of origin in good condition. Those females should ultimately deposit big healthy ova to give the next generation of salmon a good start in life.

Ilulissat ice field West Greenland

Where some of our MSW salmon feed. 200 miles inside the arctic circle the Jacobshavn Glacier enters the sea, close to the town of Ilulisat. These prey rich coastal waters provide high quality nutrition for fish from Canada and USA, and for some European MSW salmon. It’s a long way for the fish to swim (more than 5000 miles return journey) and many mishaps can happen en route. By the time salmon from the west coast of Greenland reach Scottish rivers they are well muscled and fit, ready for the strenuous migration up its river of origin to the spawning redds, but sadly they are relatively few in numbers.

But east of that line through Iceland, salmon are likely to find a shortage of food. Many will die of starvation in the NE Atlantic and Norwegian Sea. Some will make it back to their native rivers in poor condition, with the result of producing poor quality ova. It is mainly to the northeast Atlantic Ocean where our grilse go to feed. Greenland is too far for them to go, feed and return over one sea-winter year. Hence our one sea-winter salmon return as skinny grilse. Inevitably, as with all natural things, it isn’t quite as simple as that because there are occasional patches of abundant food in the NE Atlantic. Some of our grilse are returning in reasonable condition, showing that they have found such sources of food, while others may access areas of prey abundance, for example within the Iceland shelf, but still within range of returning after one winter at sea.

5lbs cock grilse from Volcano

A nice plump 5lbs grilse from Volcano (above). Healthy grilse like this one have been in short supply this season.

These painfully thin grilse average about 3lbs, and are unlikely to be carrying ova of good quality. Despite their poor condition, they are OK to eat, although distinctly less oily than their more fortunate fatter cousins. It is important to freeze or properly cook grilse with RVS to kill the worm that attacks the anal area of the affected fish. Using such fish for Suschi or gravadlax is not a good idea because the worms can survive these processes and attack the human body with quite serious effects. I use them well cooked to make Risotto, salmon Lasagne, or a kedgeree. Take care.

13lbs salmon from Volcano

13lbs salmon from Volcano

This coloured hen salmon of about 13lbs was caught on a size 12 Cascade by Andrew Robertson, and which I netted for him, in slightly amber but very clear water in the glide into Volcano. This strong and healthy fish was of course returned carefully to the river to continue her upstream journey, perhaps to spawn in one of the burns joining the main stem in Glen Clova. Such multi-sea-winter fish represent the future of salmon stocks in the South Esk, and we need to ensure that as many of them as possible reach the spawning redds in the upper catchment.

I am writing this bulletin on the 1st of September after a week of high water. The FCW catch stands at 95 salmon and grilse and 141 sea trout for the 2012 season to date. I note that beats on the North Esk are starting to catch lots of fish. The only surprise this year has been the very slow start on that river, but things should change from now to the end of the season. The seatrout runs for 2012 are now over, despite Lower Kinnaird’s 38 sea trout recorded on the Fishpal website on Thursday. If they were finnock perhaps they should be recorded as such.

The Usan netting extension. Meanwhile the Usan nets have a 14 day licence to continue fishing into September, and to catch up to 1000 salmon and grilse, but no sea trout. Setting aside the issue of politics and angry anglers, this extension to the netting season means a continuation of what we have had during August, when it appears from observation, catch returns and reports from upstream beats that there have been reasonable runs of both salmon and grilse into the river throughout the month. Let us hope that these runs of fish continue into September. The netting season will finish on 14/9/2012.

TA 1/9/2012

Return to the Rottal Burn

Thursday, August 30th, 2012

 These bulletin blogs represent news about Finavon and the South Esk, and my views as a riparian owner. They are not the views of any other organisation, nor are they designed to promote the interests of any individual or organisation other than Finavon Castle Water and factors affecting the fishery. Tony Andrews

Rottal Burn with Rottal Lodge

The view in the photo above is from Rottal Bridge looking upstream towards  the lodge. It shows what the whole burn looked like before the restoration project, which only affected the burn downstream of the bridge.

Less than a month after my first visit to the Rottal Burn to look at the restoration, I returned to see how work was progressing. I found that the original dredged channel (the ‘Rottal Ditch’ as I call it) had been filled in, and the full flow of the burn diverted into the newly formed channel.

Gravel & Cobble

The photograph above shows the quality of the spawning gravel and cobble in the new Rottal Burn channel.

There was a good level of water when I visited, although the burn was not in flood, my visit being in a rare lull between spates in this extraordinarily wet summer. The clear water and medium level of the burn enabled me to see in detail what had been achieved. There had been a period of high water since the completion of work, and there was ample evidence of subsequent movement of silt and gritty deposits. In sections of the burn closest to the upstream junction with the original dredged ‘ditch’ it was reassuring to see clean gravels and cobbles had already appeared. Further downstream than I had anticipated the effects of this cleaning process can now be seen, with silt deposits on the inside of bends and in the quieter depositing zones of the channel.

Stony channel

Tinca the Labrador enjoying the newly formed riffles in the stony channel just downstream of Rottal Bridge. This photo shows the quality of the gravels and cobbles revealed by the flows clearing away silt.

The gradient of the 1200 metres below the junction with the new channel just downstream of Rottal Bridge is such that flows remain fast, and the carrying capacity of this high energy section of the Rottal Burn should ensure that the cleaning process continues. The only part of the channel where silt deposits are likely to remain for a time at least is the section immediately upstream of the confluence with the main river, where the backup of water in spate conditions will make the last 100 metres of the channel very quiet.

Rottal Burn full flow

View downstream to the ‘chicane’ under the planted bank. This photo clearly shows the appearance of clean gravels and the beginnings of ‘natural’ erosion on the right bank.

Early next year the main tree planting programme will take place, which will involve using indigenous trees to provide bank strengthening, shade, shelter and invertebrate habitat. With climate change predicted to give us warmer summers (joke!) it is important to mitigate against the damaging effects of warmer water temperatures in parts of the catchment used by juvenile salmonids. Dappled shade provided by carefully planted bankside trees can help reduce water temperature, as well as improving habitat in various other ways.

Stony channel

The appearance of the stony channel after only a couple of weeks of full flow can clearly be seen in the photograph above. This is where the adult fish of the winter of 2012/13 will (I hope) be spawning.

I have not commented on the purpose of the Rottal Burn restoration, and therefore how its success or otherwise will be measured. We may assume that the objective is to ensure that the burn produces as many naturally generated and healthy salmon and sea trout smolts as possible. The gravelly riffle of the former dredged channel offered good quality salmon spawning and habitat for fry in the post-alevin stage of life. But, as these juvenile fish grew into parr, there was probably insufficient habitat to retain them in the burn, which may have resulted in them moving downstream to the main river.

Silt on the move

Silt on the move!

After only two weeks of full flow in the restored channel, this photo shows the ridges of gritty sand being pushed down the channel towards the main river by the high energy flow. My guess is that after the floods of the coming winter this silt will have gone, hopefully to reveal substrata of gravels and cobbles. Let’s hope that is the case, rather than more deep silt, which of course is no use as spawning habitat. A good measure for the new Rottal will be if freshwater mussels are able to colonise its gravels. Now that would be a real measure of success!

Wetland in the Rottal Burn 'delta'

Wetland in Rottal Burn ‘delta’, formed by restored section downstream of Rottal Bridge, provides habitat for nesting and feeding birds birds, insects and amphibious reptiles.

 nice wetland picture

Wetland in the Rottal flood plain. This marshy habitat provides the immediate environmental context for the estuary of the Rottal Burn as it enters the main stem of the South Esk. Good quality upland marsh provides nesting and feeding habitat for endangered wading birds, amphibians and a wide range of insects, including dragonflies, damsel flies, lepidoptera (e.g. upland butterflies and the fox and emperor moths) and many other species of birds and insects. Without this context the Rottal Burn restoration would be incomplete.

Riffle

 Riffle with clean stony bed. Habitat for young salmon. If the morphology of the restored burn continues the process of cleaning and exposing gravels and cobbles of this quality – and there is no reson why it shouldn’t – we can reasonably hope for successful spawning and juvenile salmon and sea trout nursery areas. Time will tell…

 South Esk above new confluence

Above the confluence of the restored Rottal Burn with the main stem of the South Esk

I am not sure whether there are data on fish populations in the main stem of the river, or whether there may have been a threat to parr migrating into the river from the Rottal Burn from predation by resident trout. While electro fishing the ‘Rottal Ditch’ just prior to diverting the full flow into the new channel revealed a high incidence of first year fry, there appears to be a shortage of historical data on survival rates of these fry. In general it is true to state that salmon prefer riffly habitat, while trout like deeper pools. The original ditch was therefore probably better habitat for salmon up to the end of the first year than it was for sea trout. The restored burn channel appears to offer both salmon-friendly spawning and riffle habitat for fry, and deeper pools for trout. How we measure the success of spawning and survival compared to the previous regime remains to be seen. It will be interesting, for example, to see if any radio tagged salmon choose to spawn in the Rottal during the three years of the Marine Scotland project. In the meantime electro fishing should give us some idea of the species breakdown of fry and parr in the burn.

Electro fishing to monitor juveniles

Electro fishing to monitor juveniles

TA 30/8/2012